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What Is Radon Gas?

Radon (Rn-220 and Rn-222) is a naturally occurring gaseous radioactive element that comes from the decay of natural concentrations of Uranium (U-238) and Thorium (Th-232) found in the Earth's soil.  Radon gas can seep into a home or building through cracks in the foundation or crawl space. It can also enter the home through faucets and can be emitted directly from mineral rich building materials such as concrete, bricks, or marble. The gas is clear, tasteless, and odorless and collects in the home where it can be easily inhaled by the inhabitants.  
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Radon gas decays quickly into the radioactive isotopes Polonium, Bismuth, and Lead ("radon progeny"). Both radon gas and the radon progeny decay by emitting high energy alpha radiation  which poses a significant carcinogenic risk  to those who inhale it. It is important to test the concentration of radon gas in your home or building to ensure that those who live or work there are not exposed to hazardous levels of radiation.

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Radon Quick Facts

  • The EPA recommends that every home be tested.
     
  • Radon is measured in picocuries per a liter (pCi/l) which is a measure of the concentration of radiation in a volume of air. The EPA recommends radon mitigation for levels above 4.0 pCi/l.
     
  • The average U.S. home radon level is 1.25 pCi/l.
     
  • Radon levels below 4 pCi/l may still pose a risk and may often be reduced.
     
  • Radon gas is estimated to cause 21,000 lung cancer deaths in the U.S. every year. It is the secondary cause of lung cancer next to smoking and is the leading cause of lung cancer in non-smokers.
     
  • Smoking compliments the effects of radon gas and greatly increases your risk.
     
  • The EPA estimates that for a home with the EPA limit of 4.0 pCi/l; 36 per every 1,000 smokers would die of radon related lung cancer and 7 per every 1,000 people who have never smoked would die of radon related lung cancer.
     
  • The EPA estimates that nearly 1 out of every 15 homes has radon levels above the limit.
     
  • Radon concentrations in homes have been found to be much higher than the limit meaning an increased risk.
     
  • Radon gas and its progeny make up a large part of your natural radiation exposure every year.
     
  • Most of the damage done by radon gas is actually caused by the radon progeny and not the radon gas itself.

More About Radon

The EPA's "Citizen's Guide To Radon" is an excellent source of basic information for anyone to learn more about radon gas. ​It is presented as a short and salient document and reads more like a brochure. Great for a quick read!
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Note: Please check with the EPA website to make sure that these are the newest version available!
The EPA's "Home Owner's Guide To Radon" is an excellent source of more in depth information for property owners and for people buying property. This document is geared more towards those conducting a real estate transaction.
The EPA's "Protocols For Radon Decay and Radon Decay Product Measurements in Homes" describes the EPA recommended protocols to conduct radon testing. 
The below link will bring you directly to the SC DHEC Radon Webpage.
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http://www.scdhec.gov/radon/

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© 2019 by Radex Radon Measurement Services LLC.

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